Hair permanent waving apparatus



Feb. 2 1932. BQNAT 1,843,749v

HAIR PERMANENT WAVING APPARATUS Filed June 15, 1929 v 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVZE%TOR sta l ATTORNEY Feb. 2, 1932. BONAT v 1,843,749

HAIR PERMANENT WAVING APPARATUS lFiled June 15. 1929 v 4 Sheets-Sheet "2 14. ATTORNEY Feb. 2, 1932. HBQNAT 1,843,749

HA IR PERMANENT WAVING APPARATUS Filed June 15, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 4.9 mm WW lli i im Hll u l l II II 7 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Feb. 2, 1932. H. BONAT HAIR PERMANENT WAVING APPARATUS Filed June 15, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ummmmuu 09 1 V INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 2, 1932 UNITED STATES "PATENT Q'FF YILLRCRY 1301mm, or NEW YORK, 1w, Y,

HAIR PERMANENT WAVIllTG APPARATUS Application filed June 15, 1929. Serial 1%. 371,128.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for use in connection with the permanent waving of hair and more particularly to scalp protectors and spools for use in this connection.

pressure at all points along the length of the member between which the hair was locked 1 with resultant leakage of steam burning o hair and scalp and pulling of hair causing pain to the scalp.

1 An object of the present invention is to provide means for applying uniform pressure to a pair of members between which hair is to be locked.

' A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby uniform "pressure may be applied through the agency of a single actuating member.

A further object of the invention is to provide resilientmembers for aiding in holding the hair locked between the members comprising a scalp protector.

A further object of'the invention is to provide means for holding a spool against movement during the winding of hair thereupon and to provide means for facilitating the winding of the hair. I

According to the present invention, use is made of a scalp protector composed of two memberswhich, if desired, may be hin e'd together at one end or which may be ent1rely separate members. The inner edges of each of these members is provided as is. custom-.

ary with strips of rubber or similar material, which strips serve to firml grasp hair placed therebetween,

" For aiding in the holding and retaining of hair between the members, use is made of springs normally forcing the rubber strips ferent length of the pad wherein hair is locked, use is made of a locking'device at each end of the pad. If so desired, these locking devices may be operated entirely separate one from the other or may be operated through the agency of asingle actuating member. Moreover, if

desired, the locking members may be of difeccentrically character such as mounted cams, nut and screw arrangements for applying adjustable pressure, etc.

Other features and objects of the invention will become apparent by reference to the following detailed description read in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a perspective view of a scalp protector embodying one modificationof the present invention, such protector being in open position; and also illustrating an imprplved spool for use in connection with this pa protector in closed and locked position;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the same Figure '3 is a plan view *partial y in sec- I tion of the device illustrated in Fig. 2-; Figure 4 is a section taken on the lines 4-4: of F1g.3;

Figure5 isa section talien on the lines 55 of Fig. 3; p v

Figure 6 is a section taken on the lines 6-6 of Fig. 3;

Figure of Fig. 3';

Figure 8 is a plan view partially in section of a modification of the present invention showing the'devi'ce in open position;

7 is a section taken on the lines 7 7 v ,Figure 9 is a similar view showing the de- I vice in closed position;

Figure 10 is a section taken on the lines 1010 of Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is a section taken on the lines 1111 of Fig. 9;

Figure 12 is a plain view of a still further I modification of the invention with the device in open, position;

Figure 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12 showing the device in closed position; Figure 14 is a section taken on the lines- 14-14 of Fig. 13;

Figure 15 is a plan view of a modification iii:

of the invention showing the device in open position; a

Figure 16 is a plan view partially in section of the same device in closed position;

Figure 17 is a section taken on the lines 1717 of Fig. 16; s

Figure 18 is a section-taken on the lines 18-18 of Fig. 16;

Figure 19 1s a perspective view of one end of a scalp protector with a spool in engagement therewith showing an improved method for partially locking this spool in position.

Figure 20 is a perspective plan view of a modified form of the invention wherein the sections of a scalp protector are separate and unhinged when not in use;

Figure 21 is a cross-section of the device illustrated in Fig. 20 in closed position;

Figure 22 is a perspective View of a modification of the invention shown in open position.

Figure 23 is a plan view partially in section of the same device in closed position.

Figure 24 is an enlarged view of one end of the device. 7

Figure 25 is an enlarged view of the other end of the same device.

Figure 26 is a section taken on the lines 2626 of Fig. 23.

Figure 27 is a perspective view of a further modification of the invention in dissembled 1 plates of section 11 is provided with elonarrangement.

Figure 28 is a plan view of the device illustrated in Fig. 27 in completeassembly; and t Figure 29 is a section taken on the lines 2929 of Fig. 20.

Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, it will be seen that the scalp protector 10 is composed of two substantially similar sections 11 and 12, which sections are constructed of flat plate-like members positioned one above the other in such a manner as to form an air space therebetween. The advantage of such air space is apparent since in the permanent waving of hair it is necessary that the minimum amount of heat be transmitted to the scalp of the patient and hence this air space between the plates composing each section' serves admirably for insulation purposes. The sections 11 and 12 are hinged together 'atone end by means of a substantially U-shaped member 13 fitting between the plates of each section 11 and 12 as will be clearly seen in Figures 1 and 2. This U-shaped member 13 is provided with the perpendicular :section 14 which serves as a support for one end of the spool 15(around which hair is wound. That portion of the U-shaped member 13 positioned between the gated slots 16 (one of which is indicated in Fig. 3) through which pin 17 passes. Secured between the portions of the U-shaped member 13 is a flat bar 18 through which the pin 17 also passes; The bar 18, however, is not provided with a slot similar to slot 16' for the reason that it is desirable that the member 13 be permitted to slide between the plates of section 11 relative to bar 18.

That portion of the member 13 positioned between the plates of section 12 is aifixed permanently to these plates so that movement thereof is prevented. Plate 18, however, is provided with a slot 19 (Fig. 3) similar to slot 16 so that plate 18 is capable of movement relative to the member 13.

- To the other end of section 12 is secured a portion of a U-shaped member 20 provided with a perpendicular extension 21 which has a portion cutaway as indicated at 22 for the reception of an extending pin 23 of spool 15 and which is provided with a plurality of pawl members 24 adapted for engagement with a plurality of ratchet teeth 25 on the end of spool 15. The extending portion of member 20 is adapted, when the device is closed, to fit between the plates of section 11 between which is pivoted a bar 26 provided at its free end with an eccentrically pivoted cam member or latch 27 which serves to lock one end of the pad in closed position as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

It will be apparent-from the foregoing that without further apparatus the scalp protector would be operated in the well-known manner, that is, of locking or compressing together the ends of the sections which are normally unhinged While the pressure at the other end of these sections-would be materially less thanthat at which pressure is applied. To overcome this disadvantage a member 28 similar to member 27 is eccentrically pivoted to the extending'end of plate 18 so that pressure may be applied at this end of the device as well as at the unhinged ..end thereof. Due to the slots 16 in the member 13 and the slot '19 in the bar 18 it is possible to compress the sections 11 and 12 at their hinged end. In Fig. 3 an alternative arrangement is illustrated, wherein a nut and l screw arrangement .28 is used instead of the clasp 28, by which arrangement adjustable pressure can be obtained.

For aiding in holding the hair rigidly between sections 11 and 12 use is made of a pair of T-shaped members 29 which may be composed of rubber or other suitable matei rial. As shown in Fig.1 the extending portion of each of these members 29 fits within or between the plates of the respective sec- "tions 11 and 12 so that when the device is closed the bar portion of each of these memhers is placed under compression. To aid these T-shaped members 29 in firmly holding hair therebetween use is made of spring members 30, in each section 11 and 12, which rest between the inner extremity of each member 29 and uprights 31 extending between the plates of each section. It will be apparent that when hairis positioned between the members 29 andthe device closed and locked that the cooperation between the resilient material of these members 29 and the springs 30 will serve to hold the hair firmly against movement in any direction.

For aiding the winding of hair about the spool 15 when the same is engaged with the extension 21 having the pawl teeth 24, the opposite end of the spoool 15 is provided with a knurled enlargement 32 which is provided with oppositely disposed knob members 33 which serve to provide a purchase for the hands of the operator winding hair. a

Referrin now to the embodiments of the invention illustrated in Figures 8 to 1.1, in-

'clusive, it will be seen that. the scalp protector is composed of parts similar to those illustrated and described in connection with the preceding figures with a few changes. In these figures parts corresponding to parts in the preceding figures will be given the same reference characters for purpose of 25 brevity.

In order that uniform pressure at each endof the pad maybe applied without recourse to separate latch members (27 and. 28) provision is made in the device illustrated in Figures 8 to 11 for applying this pressure through the agency of a single manually operated actuating member. The bar 18 which normally lies between the sections of the U- shapedmember 13 is provided at its free end with a pin 40 extending equi-distant on each side of the bar. Slidably mounted on one side of the scalp protector in this instance on the outside edge of section 12, is a bar 41 provided at one end with a split-wedge member 42 which is adapted to force thebar 18 outwardly by engagement between the pin 40 and the edge of section 12. This sliding movement is made possible by means of a number of slots 42 in the bar 41 through 'For imparting sliding movement. to bar 41 so that the wedge 42 causes movement of bar 18 relative to section 12, the connecting bar 26 is provided with ashoulder 47 which when this bar is moved to locking position,

' engages one end of bar 41 and as bar 26 is moved into. locking position forces this bar 41 away from the unhinged end of the pad so that as the device is finally locked the split wedge 42 causes the application of pressure at the hinged end of the pad similar and equal approximately to the pressure applied to the unhinged end of the pad through cam member 27. This arrangement will be apparent readily by inspection of Fig. 9.

It is sometimes desirable that pressure be I with the exception that instead of locking members 27 and 28, the ends of bars 18 and 26 are provided with screw threaded extensions 50 and 51 respectively engaged by nuts 52 and 53 respectively. When the device is closed and ready to be locked pressure of any desired degree can be .applied by rotation of these nuts 52 and 53 which will bear against the edges of section 12 forcing this section inwardly relative to section 11.

A still further modification of the invention is illustrated in Figures 15 to 18, inclusive, wherein pressure may be applied to the sections of the. pad uniformly along the length thereof through the agency of a single operating member positioned substantially centrally relatively to the length of the pad. As in the preceding figures the scalp protector 10 is composed of parts such as those previously described and which are numbered correspondingly herein. The bar 26 in this instance has pivotally secured on each side of the free end thereof a pair of bars 60 between the approximate center of which is secured .a pin 61 passing eccentrically through a cam member 62 provided with the usual actuating latch 63. The free ends of bar 60 are reduced in size and provided with recesses 64 which are adapted to be engaged and to permit the seating of the pin 40 extending from each side of bar 18: In the operation of the device it will be apparent that after hair has been positioned between the sections of the pad the device may be locked by moving the bar 26 into its locking position between the portions of the U-shaped member 20 at the same time engaging the ends of bars 60 with the pin 40 so that this pin is seated in the slota64. In this position the handle 63 may be moved and by reason of the cam member 62 bearing against one side of section 12 as-indicated at 65 pressure will be applied to the sections since the bars 26 and 18 are in effect forced outwardly relative to section 12, thereby bringing section 11 in closer proximity to section 12.

The device illustrated in Fig. 19 consists of a standard 70 extending upwardly from one end of one section of a scalp protector which standard is provided with a cutaway portion 7 O .for the reception of an extending in 7 2 of the usual spool around which hair 1s wound. A' portion of the standard 71 is punched inwardly to provide a pawl member 73 while that portion of the standard immediately adjacent to this pawl member is punched outwardly to form a seat 74c for a latch member 75 pivoted to extension 76 of the standard 70. The pin 72 of the spool is provided at its extremity with an enlargement 77 which when the latch 75 is rotated to rest in its seat 74 prevents the pin from being withdrawn from engagement with the awl member 73 in a longitudinal'direction.

t will be seen that the arrangement herein presented and described provides means for preventing other than longitudinal movement of the spool or upward movement of the spool relative to the pad. This arrangement is of obvious advantage since it assures proper positioning of the spool during the wlnding of hair thereupon.

In Figures and 21 there is illustrated a device similar in all respects to the arrangement illustrated in the Figuresl to, 7, inclusive, with the difference that section 12 instead of being secured to the member 13 is an entirely free and separate member which can be, however, securely locked to the section 11 and when so locked can be operated in such a manner as to apply uniform hair between these two sections.

In Figures 22 to 26 inclusive there is illustrated a modification of the present invention which consists of a relatively narrow section 80 in hinged relation to a Wider section 81.

- These two sections are made up of spaced members between which are inserted resilient strips of material 82 in the shape of substantially a T. The section 81 is provided at one end with an upright standard 83 having a cutaway portion 84 forthe reception of a pin on the end of a spool and also provided with a pawl member 85 for engagement with ratchet teeth on the spool. To the other end of section 81 is secured in any desired manner an upright support member 86 for supporting the free end of the spool upon which hair is wound. It will be noted that these two sections are connected by means of a bar 87 pivotally secured as at 88 to section 80 and slidably secured by means of pin 89 and slot 90 to section 81. To the other end of section 80 is pivotally secured a connecting member or bar 91, the free end of which isprovided with a slot 92.

Slidably mounted within the section 81 is a bar 93 provided at substantially its mid point with a rack 94 engaged by a pinion 95 rotating about shaft 96 and securely fastened to actuating clamp 97. As will be seen by reference to Fig. 23, that end of bar 93 adjacent to the hinged connection between the sections is provided with a recess 98 which has an outward slope as indicated at 99..

This portion of the bar 93 passes through a slot 100 (Fig. 24) so that as bar 93 is moved away from or inwardly relative to the end ofsection 81, the inclined portion 99 causes bar 87 to be pulled toward section 81.

pressure to At one end of section 81 is provided a receiving clasp member 101 which serves to hold the connecting bar 91 in place when the device is closed. For looking it in place and applying pressure to pull the sections together, one end of bar 93 is provided with a.

face 99 pulling the pivoted ends of the sections together while the other end through theagency of tapered surface 102 engaging slot 92 pulls the other ends of the sections to-" gether simultaneously. By this arrange- I ment a single actuating member serves'to exert or cause to be exerted uniform pressure upon hair situated between the sections along the entire length of the sections.

In Figs. 27 to 29 inclusive a still further modification of the invention is shown wherein the device is composed of two similar sections 105 and 106, the section 105 being secured to each of apair of channel members 107. To one of these channel members 107 is pivotally secured a bar 108 which bar is bent out of alinement in its intermediate portion and provided with an opening in substantially its mid-point through which is screw threaded a nut 109 provided with a.

knurled thumb screw 109. To the inner end of nut 109 is secured an'arcuate shaped member 110 which is positioned with its outer surface parallel to the outer surface of bar 108 by means of a pair of pins 111'. The two sections 106 are provided as is usual with strips of-resilient material 112 of shape similar to that heretofore described.

In the operation of this device, hair may be placed between the two sections 'and 106, section 106 being permitted to rest within the confines of the channel bars'107. In this position the 'arcuate shaped member rests against the outer edge of section 106 so that by rotation of thumb screw 110 the section 106 can be forced firmly against or as closely as possible to section 105.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the present invention provides novel and efiicient means for applying uniform pressure to hair-between the sections of a scalp protector and furthermore thatthe invention provides means whereby this pressure may be applied either at each endof the scalp protector separately or by means of a single actuating member which operates in such a manner'as to apply pressure simultaneously and uniformly along the length of the pad. It is to be understood that the present invention is not to be limited to the illustrated embodiments but is to be limited only by the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A device of the character described comprising a pair .of sections, means for connecting said sections together and means forming a part of the device for applying positive pressure at each end of the device for forcing said sections together.

2. A device of the character described comprising a pair of sections, a hinged connection for one end of said sections, means for connecting the other ends thereof and means forming a part of the device for applying positive pressure at each end of the device to force the sections together.

A device of the character described comprising a pair of sections, means for connecting said sections and means at each end of said sections for drawing them together uniformly along the length thereof, said means being individually operable.

4. A device of the character described comprising a pair of sections pivotally connected at one end, a lock member for connecting the other ends of the sections and means for applying at each end variable pressure to draw said sections together.

5. A device of the character described comprising a pair of sections each composed of spaced plates, resilient insets between said plates and extending between the inner edges of the sections and resilient members normally forcing said insets toward each other. 6. A device of the character described comprising a pair of sections, means for con- 40 necting the ends of said sections together,

pressure members for forcing said sections together at each end thereof, and a single actuating means for exerting said pressure. In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

HARRY BONAT. 

